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Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are the two most common types of diabetes. Both have their unique causes, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria. In this article, we will discuss the diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the corresponding tests that are available. Type 1 Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the beta cells in the pancreas. The beta cells are responsible for producing insulin, the hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. Without enough insulin, the glucose cannot enter the cells and builds up in the bloodstream. The diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes is usually made in children and young adults, but it can also occur in later years. The symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes include extreme thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and fatigue. The diagnostic criteria for Type 1 Diabetes are: - A random blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher plus symptoms of diabetes. - A fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher. - An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with a 2-hour plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher. If the diagnostic criteria are met, the patient is diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder that occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The causes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are complex and include genetics, lifestyle factors, and environmental factors. The symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are similar to those of Type 1 Diabetes, including increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. The diagnostic criteria for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are: - A fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher. - An OGTT with a 2-hour plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher. - An HbA1c level of 6.5% or higher. The HbA1c test is a blood test that measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. It is commonly used to monitor blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. If the HbA1c level is 6.5% or higher, the patient is diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In summary, Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are two distinct types of diabetes that have different diagnostic criteria. The diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes is usually made in children and young adults, while Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is more common in adults. The diagnostic tests for Type 1 Diabetes include a random blood glucose level, a fasting blood glucose level, and an OGTT. The diagnostic tests for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus include a fasting blood glucose level, an OGTT, and an HbA1c level. It is essential to diagnose diabetes early to prevent long-term complications and manage the condition effectively.

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Diagnosis Of Type 1 Diabetes - Fight Diabetes

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